I have not only been reading a lot of
crime fiction lately but also about the history of crime fiction, largely
inspired by Martin Edwards’s book “The Story of Classic Crime in 100 Books”
(British Library Crime Classics 2017).
While my eyes were bad I was restricted to word by word wading through
large print books, one of which was an Agatha Christie. Since then I have been reminding myself
about Hercule Poirot.
Poirot's name was derived from two
earlier fictional detectives: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank
Howel Evans' Monsieur Poiret, a retired Belgian police officer living in
London.
A more obvious influence on the early
Poirot stories is that of Arthur Conan Doyle. In An Autobiography, Christie
states, "I was still writing in the Sherlock Holmes tradition – eccentric detective, stooge
assistant, with a Lestrade -type Scotland Yard detective, Inspector Japp".
For his part, Conan Doyle acknowledged basing his detective stories on the
model of Edgar Allan Poe’s Auguste Dupin and his anonymous narrator, and basing
his character Sherlock Holmes on Joseph Bell, who in his use of
"ratiocination" prefigured Poirot's reliance on his "little grey
cells".
Poirot also bears a striking
resemblance to A.E.W.Mason’s fictional detective, Inspector Hanaud of the
French Surete who first appeared in the 1910 novel “At the Villa Rosa” and predates the first
Poirot novel by ten years.
Unlike the models mentioned above,
Christie's Poirot was clearly the result of her early development of the
detective in her first book, written in 1916 and published in 1920. His Belgian
nationality was interesting because of Belgium's occupation by Germany, which
also provided a plausible explanation of why such a skilled detective would be
out of work and available to solve mysteries at an English country house. At the time of Christie's writing, it was
considered patriotic to express sympathy towards the Belgians, since the
invasion of their country had constituted Britain's causus belli for entering
World War I, and British wartime propaganda emphasised the Rape of Belgium.
Poirot first appeared in “The
Mysterious Affair at Styles” (published in 1920) and exited in Curtain
(published in 1975). Following the latter, Poirot was the only fictional
character to receive an obituary on the front page of The New York Times.
Hercule
Poirot Is Dead; Famed Belgian Detective
By THOMAS
LASK AUG. 6, 1975
Hercule
Poirot, a Belgian detective who became internationally famous, has died in
England. His age was unknown.
Mr. Poirot
achieved fame as a private investigator after he retired as a member of the
Belgian police force in 1904. His career, as chronicled in the novels of Dame
Agatha Christie, his creator, was one of the most illustrious in fiction.
At the end
of his life, he was arthritic and had a bad heart. He was in a wheelchair
often, and was carried from his bedroom to the public lounge at Styles Court, a
nursing home in Essex, wearing a wig and false mustaches to mask the signs of
age that offended his vanity. In his active days, he was aways impeccably dressed.
Mr.
Poirot, who was just 5 feet 4 inches tall, went to England from Belgium during
World War I as a refugee. He settled in a little town not far from Styles, then
an elaborate country estate, where he took on his first private case.
The news
of his death, given by Dame Agatha, was not unexpected. Word that he was near
death reached here last May.
His death
was confirmed by Dodd, Mead, Dame Agatha's publishers, who will put out
“Curtain,” the novel that chronicles his last days, on Oct. 15.
By 1930, Agatha Christie found Poirot
"insufferable", and, by 1960, she felt that he was a
"detestable, bombastic, tiresome, ego-centric little creep". Yet the
public loved him and Christie refused to kill him off, claiming that it was her
duty to produce what the public liked.
David Suchet starred as Poirot in the
ITV series from 1989 until June 2013, when he announced that he was bidding
farewell to the role. "No one could've guessed then that the series would
span a quarter-century or that the classically trained Suchet would complete
the entire catalogue of whodunits featuring the eccentric Belgian investigator,
including 33 novels and dozens of short stories." His final appearance was in an adaptation of
Curtain: Poirot's Last Case, aired on 13 November 2013. During the time that it was filmed, Suchet
expressed his sadness at his final farewell to the Poirot character whom he had
loved.